What is Dissolved Oxygen (DO)?
Pathfinder • January 16, 2023
What is Dissolved Oxygen (DO)?
Dissolved oxygen is a measure of the amount of gaseous oxygen contained in water. Healthy waters that can support life must contain dissolved oxygen (DO).
Dissolved Oxygen enters water by:
- direct absorption from the atmosphere.
- rapid movement from winds, waves, currents or mechanical aeration.
- aquatic plant life photosynthesis as a by-product of the process.
Factors that contribute to the concentration of Dissolved Oxygen in water:
- Atmospheric pressure: Higher atmospheric pressure allows bodies of water to retain more dissolved oxygen. The pressure from above allows the water to hold more oxygen molecules. Therefore, DO concentrations are normally lower at higher elevations due to lower atmospheric pressure.
- Temperature: A body of water with lower temperature can contain more dissolved oxygen because oxygen molecules have less movement. The increased movement of oxygen molecules in warmer water allows them to escape out of the water into the air.
- Depth of the water: The shallower the water, the higher the concentration of DO because wind creating waves on the surface increases DO, as well as aquatic plants living in shallower light-filled waters create DO as a by-product of photosynthesis.
- Salinity: Lower salinity contributes to a higher concentration of DO because salts affect the solubility of gases, essentially driving them out of the water.
- Bioactivity: Lower bioactivity of microorganisms in water leads to a higher concentration of DO, because microorganisms feeding on organics and decaying matter use oxygen in their respiration.
Isolated Dissolved Oxygen Transmitters: EMIT-DO Input to output isolated, encapsulated, two-wire 4 to 20 mA dissolved oxygen transmitter, range 0 to 100% featuring small size (2″X2″X 1.5″ ) Signal and power are transmitted on the same two wires (12 to 36 VDC), used with the D.O. electrodes DO6000 Isolation is necessary in applications where more than one transmitter is connected to a system power source such as a PLC or computer.
The transmitter output can be used for any 4-20mA input device such as PLC’S, Controllers, and analog indicators.
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How is Dissolved Oxygen Monitored? Because DO is a dissolved gas, it must be measured on site, ideally in the body of water. Drawing a grab sample introduces atmospheric oxygen and temperature changes interfering with the accuracy of the measurement. Electrodes Because DO is a dissolved gas, it must be measured on site, ideally in ... Read more
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In a stable body of water with no stratification, DO will remain at 100% air saturation. The 100% air saturation means that the water is holding as many dissolved gas molecules at it can in equilibrium. At equilibrium, the percentage of each gas in the water would be equivalent to the percentage of that gas ... Read more
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